Fluid-motor or pump.



A. SUNDH.

FLUID M oroa 0R PUMP. APPLICATION FILED, APR. 24' i914- Patented Nov. 9,1915. I A

CDLUMBIA PLANonR/PH CO.. WASHINGTON. DA

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

AUGUST SUNDH, OF HASTINGS-UPON-HUDSON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, .A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

FLUID-Moron on rUMr. e l

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented N0v.'9,1915

Application led April 24, 1914. Serial No. 834,033.

To @ZZ whom t may concer-n Be it known that I, AUGUST SUNDH, a citizen of the vUnited States, residing in Hastings-upoir-Hudson, in the county of lVestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fluid-Motors or Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fluid motors or pumps and is particularly directed to a mo tor or pump comprising a plurality of oscil! velop through wear, imperfect alinement of parts or other causes.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a novel arrangement of ports and fluid passages whereby fluid may be directed to and from the working cylinders in a manner conducive to high speeds and eiliciency.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter, the novel combinations of elements being pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents in.

front sectional elevation, a fluid motor or pump containing an embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a side sectional view taken on the line 2, 2, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is afragmental side sectional view taken on the line 3, 3, of Fig. 1.

Like reference numbers denote like orl similar parts in all of the figures.

Referring to the drawings, the pump or fluid motor comprises a vertical casting 1, which is carried upon a substantial bed 2. This casting contains a plurality of symmetrically arranged circularbores each of which is lined by a bushing such as 3 and 4,

within, which are located the oscillatingy disks are bored out Vat right angles to their aXes so as to form cylinders andvwithin each cylinder is a single acting trunk piston such y as 7 and 8. The pistons are all connected to a common crank pin 9 carried by the overlatter is carried in roller bearings 11 located in the head 12 which issupported upon the cover plate 13 secured to the casting 1.

Since the cylinders, pistons-and associated parts are similar to each other, respectively, a detail description of one will answer for all. Take for example the cylinder shown at the top of the pump. The disk5 in which this cylinder is formed is supported uponV hung counterbalanced crank shaft 10. The 'l trunnions 14e, 14, which turn in anti-friction l bearings supported by the cover plate 13 and pump casting 1, respectively. Awide annular groove 15 is cut in each lateral facel of the cylinder disk 5, and these grooves are connected by ports or ducts 16 so as to equalize the fluid pressure on opposite sides of the disk in case there should be a leakage into one or both of the grooves. By reason of this construction, each of the cylinder disks is perfectly balanced against lateral` fluid pressure, and the cylinder disks will oscillate freelyL in the trunnion bearings without end thrust and side friction so that it becomes a sim Y le matter automatically to lubricate the dis rs. p

The piston 7 is hollowed out so as to reduce its weight, and the top of the piston is slotted as shown so as to permit the same toV extend substantially to the end of the cylinder bore on its inward stroke without in any way restricting the passage of fluid to and from the cylinder. This arrangement permits of an unusually long piston and a correspondingly long bearing for the same in the cylinder bore, which makes for durability and overcomes the'tendency for the cylinder bores to wear oval after long continued service. l

The crank pin end ofthe piston is pivrotally connected t0 a block 17by means of a pin 18 and this block, as well as the corresponding blocks of the other pistons is maintained in contact with the crank pin 9 by the pistons land the crank pin isa featureN of great practical value. For example, in the construction of any reciprocating pump or motor, it is almost a mechanical impossibility to arrange the axis of each cylinder bore at an exact right angle to the axis of the crank shaft, and even though it were possible, the slightest wear of the crank shaft or crank pin bearings would tend to destroy this exact alinement. Furthermore, unless the crank shaft be made unreasonably large in diameter', there is sure to be a slight spring in the same under load. This being so, it follows of necessity that the pistons would be cramped in the cylinders, or the cylinders themselves, would be cramped and the resultant twisting strain on the parts would be enormous. By reason of the pivotal connection which l have provided, the axis of a piston may not necessarily be in perfect alinement withthe crank shaft and yet the pistons mayvoperate with perfect freedom from strains and cramping action due to the above noted or other causes. ln this manner the cylinder disks may rock on their respective trunnions with practcially no friction and no appreciable strain will be placed upon the trunnion bearings regardless of the pressure of the working fluid and regardless as well to leakage or imperfect alinement of parts.

An important feature of my invention, which as yet has not been described, consists in the arrangement of fluid ports and passages. Take for example one of the lower cylinder disks 33. In this disk there are two ports such as 27 and 28, which are arranged on dia-metrically opposite sides of the periphery of the disk and each of these ports is connected to the cylinder bore by a corresponding port or passage and 26, respectively. The port 27 is adapted alternately to register with the fixed ports 31 and 82, while the cylinder port 2S in like manner is adapted alternately tol register with the fixed ports 29 and 30. Between adjacent cylinders are arranged four chambers such as 2l, Q2, 23 and 2l, which are cored in the casting l and these chambers are in communication with the ports 30, 29, 3l and 32, respectively. The right hand head or cover plate 34e see Fig. 2) is provided with two annular chambers and 3G which are permanently connected by the pipes 3? and 3S to any suitable exhaust and pressure supply, respectiyely. The exhaust chamber 35 is in constant communication with the chambers 2Q, and 24, while the pressure chamber 36 is in communication with the chambers 2l and 23, and this same arrangement is carried out with respect to all of the other corresponding chambers in each group of chambers intermediate the cylinders.

The operation of the device as a Huid motor is as follows: Fluid under pressure enters the annular chamber 36 by way of the pipe 3S and passes into all of the chambers 2l and 23. The cylinder disk 33 at the prescnt time is in such position that its port 27 is open to the chamber 23, while the opposite cylinder port 28 is open to the chamber 21. Now, since both of these chambers 2l and Q3 are connected to the pressure supply, liuid enters the cylinder bore of the disk 33 from diame rically opposite sides of the disk and the piston is forced outwardly and the crank shaft is rotated in a left hand or counter-clockwise direction. As soon as this piston reaches the end of its stroke, the ports and Q8 are cut off from the ports 3l and 3l), respectiyely, and then moved into register with the ports and 29, respectively. These latter ports are connected to the chambers 2i and 22, respectively, both of which are in communication with the annular chamber 35, which is connected to the exhaust pipe 37. The cylinder 33 therefore is open to the exhaust and a further rotation of the crank shaft drives the piston downward and the fluid in the cylinder is forced out. As the crank shaft continues to rotate, the cylinder disk 83 is oscillated back and forth and the cylinder is alternately connected to the pressure and exhaust.

The operation of the other cylinders is exactly like the one just described, and since the present embodiment of my invention contains live cylinders, the cycle of operation of one cylinder is just 720 removed from that of an adjacent cylinder, hence but a single piston can be at its dead center at one time and the torque will be substantially constant throughout the entire crank circle.

By reason of the novel arrangement of ports and fluid passages, it is readily seen that whatever' pressure may be directed to one side of the periphery of a cylinder disk, an equal and opposite pressure will be directed to the opposite side or periphery of the disk, and hence each cylinder disk will at all times be absolutely balanced against fluid pressure and all friction due to an unbalanced condition is absolutely done away with.

Furthermore, since fluid is enabled to flow to and from the cylinders by a double set of ports, the Velocity of fluid flow through the ports will be substantially one half of that found in other pumps or fluid motors of a similar type. By reason of this fact alone, not only is the eiiiciency of the device very high, but also its possibilities of unusually high speed and power output.

`While my invention as disclosed comprises a pump or motor of five cylinders, the same may be made with but one cylinder or any desired number of cylinders. The deyice when used in the capacity of a motor, may be operated in either direction of rotation, and when used as a pump the direction lli) of fluid flow may bein either direction. The fluid used in the device may be water, oil steam or other fluid or liquid, and if so desired, the cylinders may, by obvious changes, be constructed so as to be double acting.

Vhat I claim is f 1. A fluid motor or pump comprising a plurality of oscillating disks, cylinders formed in said disks, means for effecting a fluid balance on the. ylateral faces of said disks, and anti-friction bearings in which said disks oscillate.

2. A fluid motor or pump comprising a plurality of oscillating disks, cylinders formed in said disks, means for effecting a fluid balance on the lateral faces of saidV disks, trunnions on the disks, and anti-friction bearings for the trunnions.

3. A fluid motor or pump comprising a plurality of oscillating disks, cylinders formed in the disks, means for balancing each disk, a pivotal support for each disk' in its respective casing, and fluid means for maintaining the disks in a central position with respect to their respective casings whereby equalized fluid pressure may lubricate the surfaces of the disks.

6. A fluid motor or pump comprising a substantially circular casing, a plurality of circular bores radially disposed about the center of the casing. oscillating disks in the circular bores, cylinders formed in the disks, pressure ports arranged in the circular bores on diametrically opposite sides of each disk, exhaust ports arranged in the circular bores on diametrically opposite sides of each disk, and ports in the disks communicating with the cylinder bore therein adapted to register first with both pressure ports and then with both exhaust ports as the disk is oscillated, whereby a fluid balance is effected upon diametrically opposite sides of the disks.

7. A fluid motor or pump comprising a substantially circular casing, a plurality of circular bores radially disposed about the center of the casing, oscillating disks in the circular bores, cylinders formed in the disks, two sets of ports arranged in each circular bore on opposite sides of each disk, ports in the periphery of each disk communicating with the cylinder bore therein and arranged substantially circular casing, a plurality of circular bores in the casing, disks adapted to oscillate in the circular bores, a'cylinder formed-in each disk, portsarranged on dia metrically opposite sides of the periphery of eachdisk and communicating with theV cylinder therein, and ports in said circular bores adapted alternately to register with the said disk ports so'that fluid may enter or discharge from said cylinderfbores simultaneously from bothperipheral ports in the disks.

9. A fluid` motor or pump comprising a substantially circular casing, a plurality of circular bores in the casing, disks adaptedto Voscillate in the circular bores, a cylinder formed ineach disk, ports arranged on Vdia. metrically opposite sides of the periphery of each diskand communicating withthecylinder therein, a double set of ports in each circular bore adapted alternately to register with the disk ports as the disks are oscillated, a chamber common to one set of ports and anl independent chamber common to the other set of ports, one of said chambers being adapted to receive the fluid discharged from the cylinders and the other supplying the cylinders with iiuid.

10. A fluid motor or pump comprising a. substantially circular casing, a plurality of circular bores in the casing radially disposed about the center thereof, disks adapted to oscillate in the circular bores, a cylinder formed in each disk, a plurality of chambers located in the casing between each circular bore, ports leading from said chambers to the periphery of each disk, ports in the disks communicating with the cylinder bore therein and adapted toregister with the ports leading from the chambers, and independent fluid supply and exhaust chambers adapted to connect the chambers in the casing in groups whereby fluid may enter any one of said cylinders simultaneously on opposite sides of the periphery of the cylinder disk.

11. A fluid motor or pump comprising a substantially circular casing, a plurality of circular bores in the casing radially disposed about the center thereof, disks adapted to oscillate in the circular bores, a cylinder formed in each disk, a plurality of chambers located in the casing between each circular bore, ports leading from said chambers to the periphery of each disk, ports in the disks communicating with the Cylinder bore therein and adapted to register with the ports leading from the chambers, a removable cover member Containing independent fluid supply and exhaust chambers secured to the said easing, and ports leading from the chambers in said cover member to the chambers in the casing whereby the latter chambers are connected in groups so that fluid may be directed simultaneously to or from both of said disk ports in any one of the disks.

l2.A A fluid inotor or pump comprising a plurality of rocking disks radially disposed about a common Center, Cylinders formed in said disks, pistons in the cylinders, a crank shaft common to all of the pistons, and a Connection between eaoli piston and the crank shaft Comprising a Connecting rod hinged intermediate its ends.

13. A fluid motor or pump comprising a plurality of rocking disks radially disposed about a Common center, cylinders formed in said disks, pistons in the cylinders, a crank shaft common to all of the pistons, and means comprising a two part hinged oonneeting rod for preventing bending and twisting strains frombeing transmittedfrom the crank shaft to the pistons.

lef. A iiuid motor or pump Comprising` a plurality of oscillating cylinders radially disposed about a common Crank shaft, truniiions on which said cylinders oseillate, a trunk piston in eaeh Cylinder, a Connection between eaeh piston and the said Crank shaft, said connection being arranged to yield at a point intermediate its ends.

l5. A fluid motor or pump comprising a housing or easing, a plurality of oscillating disks iii said easing radially disposed about a common crank shaft, a cylinder bore in each disk, a. plunger in each cylinder' oonneeted to the crank shaft, fluid means for equalizing the pressure on said disks, and a yielding connection between each piston and the Crank shaft for preventing the latter from exerting aside pressure on the said disks.

ii 'testimony whereof, l have siO'ned my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. Y

AUGUST SUNDH.

'Vitnesses VALTER C. STRANG, JAMES G. BETHELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

